Gustavus a



(No Model.)

. G. A. POLSON.

REGULATOR POR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

Patented July 8,v 1890.

/Nvfmro Gmini/a5 JbLson.

WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAVUS A. POLSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONEHALF TO SAMUEL CAREY, OF SAME PLACE.

REG U LATOR FOR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACH N ES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 431,618, dated July 8, 1890.

Application filed December 4, 1889. Serial No. 332,555. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAVUS A. POLSON, a citizen of the United States, residing in New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Regulators for Dyl'iamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the automatic regulation of dynamo-electric machines.

It consists in providing two field-magnets,` one located on the outside of the armature and in a shunt thereto and the other inside of the armature and in series with it. The iron of the inner magnet is located in such a position as to form at times a short circuit for the lines of force from one pole-pieceto the other of the outer Inagnet-that is to say, the lines of force, instead of traveling around the ring, simply travel radially across it at opposite points and through the iron core of the inner magnet. This only happens, however, when the strength of the outer magnet overcomes that of the inner. At other times the armature-ring will be the path of the lines of force from both magnets. Means are provided for regulating the amount of current flowing through the inner magnet to vary its degree of saturation in accordance with the work for the purpose of controlling the number of lines of force ii owin g from the outer magnet through the inner. The inner magnet is arranged on a diametric line within the armature and its pole-pieces are presented to the inside at points in line with the pole-pieces of theouter magnet. The winding is such that the presented pole-picees are of the same polarity. In such an apparatus, when the outer fieldmagnet overcomes the inner, lines of force will travel directly across the ring-core, cutting the conductors-on both sides of the core; but that portion of the coil inside of the ring and commonly known as dead-wire will be cut in a direction to induce electro-motive force in the coil, which will oppose the electro-motive force induced in that portion of the coil on its outer side. This counter electromotive force reduces the main current and quickly reduces the magnetism in the outer field-magnet, which is connected in shunt.

The outer magnet and consequently the main current are correspondingly weakened.

Referring to the drawings accompanying this specification, Figure l represents an end elevation of my machine; and Fig. 2, a section of the same, taken on a plane cutting the armature-shaft longitudinally.

A represents the armature-shaft, through which motion is communicated to the armature by the pulley a.

B represents the main or outer held-magnet. Its cores form substantially two semicircles, meeting above and below at the polepieces B B2. These cores maybe foi-medintegrally with the pole-pieces B B2, or maybe secured thereto in any suitable manner. Thelr opposite or upper ends do not meet, but are bent down and inward a slight distance apart,

yand are connected by a bridge-block of iron b, which is secured to the bent ends of the core by bolts lr. The winding of the fieldmagnets is made in sections or separate coils, which are slipped over the bent ends of the cores before thepicceb is inserted in its place. The inner surface of the cores and the block l) are formed to make, when the parts are together, a continuous curved surface concentric with the shaft A. The lower pole-piece B is solid, and upon it is formed the base or legs supporting the machine. The armature O is of the Gramme type, with a core of iron wire and the copper coils wound transversely thereupon in the usual way. These coils are connected with the com mutator O, from which current is collected by the brushes c c. The armature is supported by a spider c', which is mounted on the shaft and occupies aplane parallel to and outside of the armature. This is done in order to leave the inner space within the armature free for the accommodation of an inner magnet D. This vmagnet lits loosely upon the shaft a, but is insulated therefrom by the brass or hard-rubber sleeve a. lt is of general rectangular shape, and is wound with two coils CZ d. lts ends d constitute the working-poles. The magnet is supported in position by means of a web extending from one side of its poles o1' core outward to the side of the pole-pieces B B?, where it is secured'by brass bolts d2. This web is magnet- IOO ically insulated from the pole-pieces, to which it is attached, by means of brass plates d3. The winding and direction of the current on the inner and outer magnets are such as to render the polarity of the adjacent pole-pieces of cach the same. In the main circuit with the armature and inner field-magnet may be the solenoid E, operating to throw more or less resistance into the circuit I", shunting the inner magnet tor the purpose of varying the strength ol the inner magnet.

In operation the regulation is eltected as follows: In thcnormal running condition the strength of the magnetism in the inner and outer held-magnets is about the same, in which case they both act upon the armature to increase the main current, and the magnet-ic circuit from each is through and around the ring-core ot' the armature with comparatively few, if any, lines et force passing trom the pole-pieces of one magnet te the other. When the current becomes abnormally great by reason ol the cutting out of translating devices or from other cause, the solenoid-magnet E draws in its core and shifts the resistance-switcl1 over, throwing out of the shuntcircuit a sufficient amount ot resistance to lower the current in, and consequently the strength of, the inner magnet. This being accomplished, the strength of the outer magnet being' greater than that ot the inner mag net the lilies of force will travel therefrom directly across the armature and will shortcircuit through the iron core of the inner magnet. These lines of force in making this circuit will cut the conductors on the inner side of the armature, commonly known as the dead-wire, in such a direction that an electro-motive force will be induced therein in opposition to the main electro-motive torce. This counter electromotive force will cut down thc main current until the magnetism in the outer iield is weakened t-o an extent corresponding with the requirements.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. The method of regulating a dynamoelectric machine, which consists in causing the lines of force emanating from a pole-piece to cut both sides of the coils ot wire on the armature, thus setting up in said coils opposing electro-motive forces.

2. The method ot regulating a dynamoelectric machine, which consists in causing the lines ot" force emanating from a pole-piece located on the outside ot the armature to eut both sides of the coils of wire on the armature, thus setting up in said coils opposing electro-motive forces.

3. The method of regulating a dynamoelectric machine, which consists in causing the lines ot force emanating from pole-pieces located outside the armature to travel diametrically across the armature trom one polepiece to the other, thereby cutting both sides ot the coils ot wire on the armature and setting up opposingelectro-motive t'o rces therei n.

4. In a dynamo-electric machine haring an armature ot the (Slramme-ring type, the combination, with said armature, of a field-magnet located outside the armature and another lieldmagnet located inside the armature, the like poles of each bein glocated opposite each other, and means foryarying the current (lowing in the coils of one of the magnets, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a dynamoelectric machine having an armature of the Gramme-ring type, the combination, with said armature, ot'a held-magnet located outside the armaturean d another fieldmagnet located inside the armature, the like poles ot each being located opposite eachother, and means for Varying the current flowing in the coils of the inner magnet, as and tor the purpose set forth.

(l. In a dynamo-electric machinehavingan armature ot the (-rramme-ring type, the combination, with said armature, of a lield-magnet located outside the armature and another fieldmagnet located inside the armature, the like poles of each being-located opposi te each other, the outer magnet being in a shunt circuit to the armature, and the inner magnet being in series with the armature, and means for Varying the current liowing in the inner lieldmagnet circuit, for the purpose set forth.

7. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination, with the field-magnet and ring-armature, ot a stationary magnet located inside the arn'xature, its poles being opposite the pole-pieces et the tield-magnet and arranged so that the armature in rotating will pass between the adjacent poles of the two magnets, and means for varying the degree ol` saturation of the inner magnet, for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence ot two subscribing witnesses.

GUSTAVUS A. POLSON.

Witnesses:

WM. A. RosENBAUn, THoMAs K. TRENCHARD,

IOO 

